Punishment - Training Philosophy

Positive punishment: The introduction of an
unpleasant element as a consequence of an unwanted
behavior. Examples: A dog is pulling
on the leash and a leash correction (sharp jerk
of the leash) is given. A dog nears the edge of
the yard and an “invisible fence” causes a shock
through his collar.

Negative punishment: The removal of a desirable
element as a consequence of an unwanted
behavior. An example is leaving the area when
a dog is being jumpy or mouthy. The desirable
element that you are removing is your attention
and interaction with the dog.

Conditioned punisher: A neutral stimulus tha
takes on an unpleasant connotation. For example,
if you say “time out” right before you put
a dog in a time-out (a crate or spare room), the
sound of the words alone can become associated
in the dog’s mind with the consequence and may
decrease the behavior.
Remote punisher: An unpleasant consequence
that can be employed without your presence.
Automatic bark collars, flappers on a counter
top, and bitter-tasting substances applied to discourage
chewing are examples of remote punishers.